Psychology Twin and Equal Environment Assumption Essay Example

Psychology: Twin and Equal Environment Assumption Paper Are people product of their genes or the choices made in there lives ? 2. Methodology Boucher first went to find sets of minimization twins who were separated early in life, reared apart for all of most of their lives, and reunited as adults. Each twin completed approximately 50 hours of testing on nearly every human dimension you might imagine. They completed four personality trait scales, three aptitude and occupational interest inventories, and two intelligence tests. In addition the participants filled in checklists of household belongings (such as power tools, telescope, original artwork, unabridged dictionary) to assess the similarity of their family resources, and a family environment scale that measured how they felt about the parenting they received from their adoptive parents. They were also administered a life history interview, a psychiatric interview, and a sexual history interview. All Of these assessments were carried out individually so that there was no possibility that one twin might inadvertently influence the answers and responses of the other. . Results / Conclusions These findings indicate that genetic factors (or the genome) appear to account for most of the variation in a remarkable variety of human heartsickness. This finding was demonstrated by the data in two important ways. One is that genetically identical humans (minimization twins), who were raised in separate and often very different settings, grew into adults who were extraordinarily similar, not only in appearance but also in basic psychology and personality. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology: Twin and Equal Environment Assumption specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology: Twin and Equal Environment Assumption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology: Twin and Equal Environment Assumption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The second demonstration in this study of the dominance of genes is the fact that there appeared to be so little effect of the environment on identical twins who were raised in the same setting. Heres Boucher and Lackeys take on these discoveries: For almost every behavioral trait so far investigated, from reaction time to religiosity, an important fraction Of the variation among people turns out to be associated with genetic variation. This fact need no longer be subject to debate; rather, it is time to consider its implications. . Discuss one example of the significance of the study or one criticism directed toward the research equal environment assumption (I. E. , Joseph, 2002). This argument maintains that many of the conclusions drawn by Boucher and Liken about genetic influence assume that MS and ADZ twins raised together develop in identical environments. These critics maintain that such an assumption is not valid and that fraternal twins are treated far more differently than are identical twins. This, they contend, draws the entire method of twin research as a determinate of genetic influences into question. However, several other articles have refuted this criticism and supported the equal environment assumption. 5. Discuss one example of subsequent research in this area or recent applications of this study. In 1999, Boucher reviewed the nature-nurture evidence from the Minnesota twin registries (Boucher, 1999). He concluded that, overall, 40% of the variability in personality and 50% variation in intelligence appears to be genetically based. He also reiterated his position discussed earlier that your genes drive your selection of environments and your selection or avoidance of specific personality-molding environments and behaviors. Research at the Minnesota twin centers continues to be very active. Some fascinating research has examined very complex human heartsickness and behaviors that few would have even guessed to be genetically driven, such as love, divorce, and even death 6. Reflection Discuss what you learned from the study This study explains how many people who have lived in non-comforting settings for example living with a alcoholic mother who did not raise you with norms or love end up being successful in life not following your mothers footsteps. Your Personality who you are comes in your genes and how you use them how you make decisions and the way you think is the choices you have made in life .

Personal Bhag Essay Example

Personal Bhag Essay Example Personal Bhag Essay Personal Bhag Essay My personal BHAG goal is to become a successful businesswoman. Since I was a little girl, I’ve always thought about being a businessman just like my father who is my idol and hero. In my perspective, businessmen are the persons who push the society moving forward although in pursue of profits. Their wisdom, their capacity of organizing and coordinating things, and their insight to the market attract me and make me want to be a businessman. So after high school study, I choose to go to university for further study and major in Business Management. In order to achieve my goal, I have to learn fundamental business management theories and concepts. That’s the first step. Only with these essential theories and concepts, would I get to know how to run a business efficiently and profitably, and what is the best way to solve a practical problem. Besides learning basic business management knowledge, I need to improve my communication capacity as well. I’m poor at interpersonal communication which is one of my weaknesses. Todays leader needs to develop skills that motivate teams to excel. And communication is the basic and normally used skill to inspire and motivate employees. To be a good time-manager is also very important. Time-managing is the ability to arrange things properly and make everything organized. Most college students are bad at time-managing. I’m not good at arranging time as well. So things always happened like this. I hang out and have fun with friends during the daytime and do my homework at midnight. That would always result in bad grades. To be a good time manager is absolutely essential for a leader. A typical day for me should be well organized and efficient. I would get up at 7:00 am and take a quick shower which takes around 20 minutes. Then I’ll take some breakfast at around 7:30 am. A Healthy breakfast is a good start of a day. It can supply energy I need and make me invigorative. According to scientific research, morning time from 8:00am to 11:00am is the best period to study and memorize things. So I’ll take full use of that time to study and recite the knowledge I’ve learned. I’d like to have a break after every an-hour study, relax myself and do some stretches. It’s good my eyes and vertebrae. When it’s about time to take lunch, I’ll go out with my friends and eat healthily. After lunch, I may take a nap which maybe last for an hour. The following 3 hours from 2:00pm to 5:00pm are my flexible time. Maybe I’ll take that time study or maybe hang out with friends, it all depends. After dinner, I’d like to go to the gym to do some exercise to keep fit. From 8:00pm to 9:00pm, it’s a good time to review and prepare for the lectures I’ll have on the next day. Then Go to bed before 10:00pm. That should be a typical weekend arrangement for me. In order to achieving my GHAG, I still have a long way to go. Maybe it’ll take 10 years, 15 years or even more, but I’ll always keep holding on to it and try to do the best I can.

Net Ionic Equation Definition (Chemistry)

Net Ionic Equation Definition (Chemistry) There are different ways to write equations for chemical reactions. Three of the most common are unbalanced equations, which indicate the species involved; balanced chemical equations, which indicate number and type of species; and net ionic equations, which only deal with the species that contribute to a reaction. Basically, you need to know how to write the first two types of reactions to get the net ionic equation. Net Ionic Equation Definition The net ionic equation is a chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction. The net ionic equation is commonly used in acid-base neutralization reactions, double displacement reactions, and redox reactions. In other words, the net ionic equation applies to reactions that are strong electrolytes in water. Net Ionic Equation Example The net ionic equation for the reaction that results from mixing 1 M HCl and 1 M NaOH is:H(aq) OH-(aq) → H2O(l)The Cl- and Na  ions do not react and are not listed in the net ionic equation. How to Write a Net Ionic Equation There are three steps to writing a net ionic equation: Balance the chemical equation.Write the equation in terms of all of the ions in the solution. In other words, break all of the strong electrolytes into the ions they form in aqueous solution. Make sure to indicate the formula and charge of each ion, use coefficients (numbers in front of a species) to indicate the quantity of each ion, and write (aq) after each ion to indicate its in aqueous solution.In the net ionic equation, all species with (s), (l), and (g) will be unchanged. Any (aq) that remain on both sides of the equation (reactants and products) can be cancelled out. These are called spectator ions and they dont participate in the reaction. Tips for Writing the Net Ionic Equation The key to knowing which species dissociate into ions and which form solids (precipitates) is to be able to recognize molecular and ionic compounds, know the strong acids and bases, and predict the solubility of compounds. Molecular compounds, like sucrose or sugar, dont dissociate in water. Ionic compounds, like sodium chloride, dissociate according to solubility rules. Strong acids and bases completely dissociate into ions, while weak acids and bases only partially dissociate. For the ionic compounds, it helps to consult the solubility rules. Follow the rules in order: All alkali metal salts are soluble. (e.g., salts of Li, Na, K, etc. - consult a periodic table if youre unsure)All  NH4 salts are soluble.All NO3-, C2H3O2-, ClO3-, and ClO4-  salts are soluble.All Ag, Pb2, and Hg22  salts are insoluble.All Cl-, Br-, and I-  salts are soluble.All CO32-, O2-, S2-, OH-, PO43-, CrO42-, Cr2O72-, and SO32-  salts are insoluble (with  exceptions).All SO42-  salts are soluble (with exceptions). For example, following these rules you know sodium sulfate is soluble, while iron sulfate is not. The six strong acids that completely dissociate are  HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4. The oxides and hydroxides of alkali (group 1A) and alkaline earth (group 2A) metals are strong bases that completely dissociate. Net Ionic Equation Example Problem For example, consider the reaction between sodium chloride and silver nitrate in water. Lets write the net ionic equation. First, you need to know the formulas for these compounds. Its a good idea to memorize common ions, but if you dont know them, this is the reaction, written with (aq) following the species to indicate they are in water: NaCl(aq) AgNO3(aq) → NaNO3(aq) AgCl(s) How do you know silver nitrate and silver chloride form and that silver chloride is a solid? Use the solubility rules to determine both reactants dissociate in water. In order for a reaction to occur, they must exchange ions. Again using the solubility rules, you know sodium nitrate is soluble (remains aqueous) because all alkali metal salts are soluble. Chloride salts are insoluble, so you know AgCl precipitates. Knowing this, you can rewrite the equation to show all the ions (the complete ionic equation): Na(aq)  Ã‚  Cl​−​​(aq) Ag​(aq)  Ã‚  NO​3​−​​(aq)  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  Na​​​(aq)   NO​3​−​​(aq)  Ã‚  AgCl(s) The sodium and nitrate ions are present on both sides of the reaction and are not changed by the reaction, so you can cancel them from both sides of the reaction. This leaves you with the net ionic equation: Cl-(aq) Ag(aq) → AgCl(s)

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 15

International Business - Essay Example ompanies targeting either India or China for the expansion of their businesses at present because of the immense growth potentials in these countries. India and China are two countries which escaped from the current financial crisis without much damage. It is not easy for a company to set up business in an overseas country because of the various challenges they may face in the target country. Human resource management is one of the core functional areas the offshoring organizations should consider in their business strategies. This paper assumes that Microsoft, the American operating system/ computer software manufacturer is looking to establish a subsidiary unit of Microsoft in India. The various aspects of human resource management issues Microsoft may face in India is briefly explained in this paper. Microsoft is one of the best examples of a monopolistic firm of the current century. No challenge at all for Microsoft in most of the countries in which they operate. In fact other companies like Intel forced to make microprocessor chips compatible for the smooth operation of Microsoft’s Windows based operating systems. In other worlds, Microsoft’s monopoly forces even other companies to dance with the tunes composed by Microsoft. Even though nobody has any doubt about Microsoft’s abilities in controlling the software industry all over the world, there is no guarantee that it may become successful in every country if it overlooks the customized needs of each country. For example, India and China are two different countries compared to America and business concepts, organizational culture, behavior, and environment in these countries are entirely different from that of America. Microsoft needs to formulate customized business strategies for both of these countries, if they want to excel in these countries. India is a secular democratic country and the second largest country in the world as far as population is concerned. Moreover India is recognized as one

Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of medications errors Essay

Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of medications errors - Essay Example The nurse administrators can reduce the nurses’ workloads in order to help reduce the errors. Another remedial procedure is to requiring all nurses to implement error reduction procedures. Reduction of nurse burnouts reduced medical errors. Nurses must responsively prevent or lessen of medication errors to permissible levels. Evidently, the findings indicate healthcare professionals, especially nurses, should responsively prevent or reduce medication errors to allowable occurrences. Keywords: medication errors, remedial action, burnout Nursing Professional’s Responsibility to End/lessen Medications Errors Introduction Healthcare entails the nurses’ role in the patient’s recuperation. The research delves on the types of medication errors. The research delves on medication error reduction strategies. Medical errors may cause the patients’ death. Medical errors can be reduced. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, and other healthcare facility w orkers are responsible for the prevention of medication errors. The nurses are required to exert all efforts to eliminate medication errors. Most of the medication errors occur during certain situations. One of the situations is during the nurse duty shifts. One medication error occurs when the prior shift nurse forgets to give the medication to the patient. The next duty nurse erroneously does not scrutinize whether the prior duty nurse gave the patient the required medication. The error can be prevented by requiring all the next duty nurses to compulsorily scrutinize the prior nurses’ chart notations (Kalra, 2011). Further, Dorit Pud and Anat Zahavy reiterated â€Å"one of the best strategies to reduce medication errors is to scrutinize possible loopholes in the entire healthcare process and not focus on individual isolated medication error cases† (Dorit & Anat, 2010, p. 794). The loopholes include unintentional recording of medication intakes. Forgetting to record t he patient’s actual medicine intakes may persuade the next nurse to erroneously give the same medicine to the patient. The overdose may cause severe health effects on the patient. Further, M. Wernli and D. Schwappach insist that â€Å"patients can play an important part in reducing medication errors by persuading the patients to immediately report any perceived errors to concerned medical professionals for immediate remedy† (Wernli & Schawppach, 2010, p. 285). Another possible medication error may occur during patient transfers. The patient is originally staying at hospital’s left wing. The patient is transferred to right wing in order to lessen the time needed for the resident medical doctor to move from doctor’s office to the patient’s ward bed. When the patient is transferred to the right hospital wing, another nurse committed medication error when she made a new chart. The error can be avoided by requiring all nurses to exert more time and effo rt to ensure that the patient’s chart is religiously replicated to eliminate the medication errors (Kalra, 2011). Nurses must implement medical intervention requirements to eliminate medication errors (Zerwekh & Claborn, 2010). When the nurse discovers an error in the drug order, the nurse should immediately question whether the drug order is correctness. When the nurse gathers enough evidences to prove there was a medication error, the nurse must immediately report the medication er

Inadequate Compensation Essay Example for Free

Inadequate Compensation Essay Compensation for most positions is far below the market average for our region, no annual increases in the last 4 years. Salary.coms survey results show that inadequate compensation is by far the number one reason that dissatisfied employees want to leave their job. It has been proven time and again that fair pay practices benefit not only the employee, but also the employer (by reducing unwanted and unanticipated turnover costs). Employees who are paid competitively, relative to their specific market, are generally much happier. One way to find out if you are being paid what you are worth is to use Salary.coms salary negotiation tool, the Personal Salary Report. The Personal Salary Report will help you determine your value based on job title, industry, geography, company size, education, experience, and other personal factors. #2 Inadequate Opportunities for Career Advancement Percent Responding: 37.3% My boss has dangled the carrot for a year. Opportunity for career advancement is a major factor in retaining employees and keeping them happy. 37.3% of dissatisfied employees cited inadequate opportunities for career advancement as the reason they want to quit. Empty promises by upper management, such as promotions that dont pan out, have led many employees to give up on moving up the corporate ladder at their particular company. #3 Insufficient Recognition or Appreciation Percent Responding: 34.2% There is no recognition of my creative talent, training, or skills. The three major portions of an employees total rewards package are compensation, benefits, and the work experience. The work experience includes things like company culture, dress code, and how employees are recognized and appreciated for individual contributions and accomplishments. The fact that 34.2% of dissatisfied employees are disgruntled because of insufficient recognition or appreciation shows the importance of elements of the work experience, such as employee recognition programs. This proves that rewarding top performers with cash or gift certificates, or even just a pat on the back, goes a long way toward improving employee retention rates. #4 Boredom Percent Responding: 20.1% My job duties have gone from being challenging to boring. 20.1% of dissatisfied employees are unhappy because of boredom. There is only so much socializing with coworkers, surfing the Internet, or simply spacing out that an employee can do before its time to find a new job. The July 2005 AOL/Salary.com study on Wasted Time At Work revealed that the average American worker admitted to frittering away 2.09 hours per 8-hour workday, not including lunch and scheduled break-time. However, employees expressed that they are not always to blame for this wasted time. 33.2% of respondents cited lack of work as their biggest reason for wasting time. #5 Inadequate Benefits Percent Responding: 16.9% The insurance premiums I pay cut deep into my paycheck. Results recently released from Salary.coms 2005 Small Business Basic Medical Coverage Survey show that nearly 90% of small businesses are paying more this year than last year for basic medical insurance for their employees. And these soaring healthcare costs are forcing small businesses, in many instances, to adopt measures that lower employee take-home pay. This has spurred some employees to start looking for work elsewhere, perhaps at companies offering more generous employer contributions towards the cost of basic medical coverage. Use the Benefits Tab of the Salary Wizard ® Calculator to see how your benefits stack up. #6 Inadequate Opportunities for Professional Development Percent Responding: 15.3% Im probably too experienced and educated for this organization. 15.3% of dissatisfied employees feel as if they have reached the pinnacle of their professional development at the company at which they are currently employed. Whether they are leaving to further their education, start their own business, or find a job that promises more professional growth, opportunity for professional development proves to be an important factor in retaining and satisfying employees. #7 Insufficient Job Security Percent Responding: 11.8% My job is being outsourced to Mexico and Asia. Insufficient job security is a result of a variety of different factors, including outsourcing, industry decline, lack of profits, competitive threats, and rumors that the company may be sold. The survey results indicated that many employees are searching for new jobs in response to the fact, or rumor, that their company or job is going under. Many of the 11.8% of respondents who cited insufficient job security as their top reason for leaving lack confidence in upper managements ability to save the company. #8 Undesirable Impact on Health or Stress Level Percent Responding: 10.5% This is bad for my health- my knees are hurting due to 12 hour shifts. Many employees are working long, hard hours and are finally realizing the effect that their job is having on their overall health and stress level. Some of these employees are opting to leave the workforce entirely, while others are in search of a job that wont give them an ulcer. #9 Poor Relations with Management Percent Responding: 10% Management is incompetent, clueless, overcompensated, abusive, hostile and predatory. Bosses everywhere, beware! Your employees are watching you and may leave because of your behavior. Even though poor relations with management ranked as the ninth most common reason unhappy employees want to leave their job, employees who dislike their boss provided us with some particularly entertaining feedback: Upper management has no spine, they are jellyfish. My boss has a diagnosed mental condition, but doesnt take his medication. My employer wants to disregard regulations and laws in order to meet company goals. My direct employer is sexist, tyrannical, and engages in extreme favoritism, cronyism, and nepotism. #10 Undesirable Commute Percent Responding: 9% My cost of gas versus my hourly income equals my net pay. Rising gas prices have become an effective pay cut for Americas commuters, and many are starting to think about leaving their job for something closer to home. Assuming that individual and company goals are met, employees can expect a salary increase of about 3.7% this year. They can also expect to pour 3.3% of their salary down the gas tank, virtually wiping out that increase. In fact, while salaries are rising 3.7% year over year, commuting costs have risen 50% in the last year.

The Many Themes of A Tale of Two Cities :: Tale Two Cities Essays

The Many Themes of A Tale of Two Cities The Tale of Two Cities has many assorted themes. The themes are interconnected with each other. Theme plays a big part in the plot a book. The opinions formed by the audience, of the characters, are also affected by the themes in a book. Three themes in this book are sacrifice, love and hate, and death; these themes show up many times in this book. The themes in this book are shown through the characters and their actions. Sacrifice shows up in the book many times. Sacrifice is giving up something that is apart of your life that you do not really want to give up. The greatest sacrifice in the book is Carton's death. He sacrifices his life for his love for Lucie Manette. Sydney Carton met his death with great dignity. In fulfilling his old promise to Lucie, Carton attains peace; those watching see "The peacefullest man's face ever beheld"(366) at the guillotine. Charles Darnay gives up his estate in France, for the idea of working in England. His decision to become a teacher put him in a conflict with his uncle, the Marquis St. Evremonde. Miss Pross lost her hearing when she tried to stop Madame Defarge from killing Lucie and her family. Miss Pross was the loyal servant for Lucie. She showed her loving devotion to Lucie by fighting off Madame Defarge. Many characters are skilled with the force of love in this book. Miss Pross, fought off Madame Defarge for the reason that she loved Lucie, and did not want anything to happen to her. The true love was the feelings of Sydney for Lucie. This love was so great he sacrificed his own life for her. He showed more love for her than for himself. Hate is also plays a big part in the book. Madame Defarge had so much hate she went to the extent of trying to kill Lucie. This backfired and instead of Lucie dying she died in a struggle versus Miss Pross. Even Madame Defarge's husband Earnest Defarge shows hate when he accidentally runs over a peasant's son and kills him. Mr. Defarge showed no remorse for what he had done, and instead was very hateful toward the father of

Data Security and Integrity: Software and Physical Restrictions

Table of Contents Page # Introduction Introduction Maintenance of data security and integrity in reference to: Software Access Restrictions These are inserted for the purposes of protecting computer software. A few forms of software access restrictions are as follows: Passwords Definition: -A string of characters that allows access to a computer, interface or system. How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? When a person creates a password for access to a computer, folder, program etc. they are creating a code that must be implemented every time they wish to access the software. This means that if any unknown or unauthorized personnel were to attempt to view the material and were unaware of the password then they would be unable to do so, thus securing the data.The integrity of the data is also highly protected when using a password because if any unknown or unauthorized personnel attempt to access any data that is password protected without knowing the pass word, they will be denied access. Thus the data cannot be altered in any way and its trustworthiness would remain the same. * Data Encryption Definition: -This is the encryption (encoding) of data for security purposes. How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? By encrypting, we change the original plaintext version of data into ciphertext, which is an unreadable format that will protect against unauthorized parties.Only those who possess the key to trigger the algorithm that will decrypt the data, hence making it readable, can access it. A higher bit encryption is much more secure than a lower bit encryption, for example a 256 bit encryption is much more secure than a 128 bit encryption because a hacker will need to try out more possibilities when trying to breach the encryption. Once data is encrypted the integrity of it is safeguarded just as long as it isn’t breached by a hacker or accessed by any unauthorized party who somehow got the key to the algorithm, and was able to decrypt the data. Virus Protection Definition: -This is the protecting of a system from a file that replicates itself without the consent of the user. How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? Typical anti-virus software protects a computer system from viruses, Trojan horses, worms etc. by means of routinely or manually scanning files and programs to check for the aforementioned malware and if any malicious content is found, it either notifies the user of its presence and suggests steps that can be taken to remove it, or automatically starts doing so by itself.Any malware that is located early enough by anti-virus software can usually be removed before it can cause any irreversible damage to data. Though there are viruses that can take effect almost immediately and corrupt data very quickly before the virus protection can take action or even notice it. In this case having better virus protection software is necessary. * Firewall De finition: -This is an integrated collection of security measures designed to prevent unauthorized electronic access to a networked computer system.How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? A firewall protects a computer system or network from any malicious activity from the internet, for e. g. hackers, viruses and Trojan horses. They do so by filtering any incoming packets of data to decide which data will be let through the firewall and which will be discarded. This means that data already on the computer or network will be better protected against hackers, viruses etc. and any incoming data will be ‘clean’ i. e. without any malicious software attached.Firewalls assist in maintaining data integrity by its ability to filter data. As long as the firewall prevents malware from entering a computer system or network the data will not be adversely affected thus maintaining its trustworthiness. Physical Access Restrictions These consist of biometric s ystems as well as other forms of physical access restrictions that are used to protect data. A few forms of physical access restrictions are: * Voice Recognition Definition: -This is a device used for the identifying of individuals by the sound of their voice.How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? Voice Recognition is a biometric system i. e. it identifies individuals by a unique human characteristic, their voice. The way this aids in protecting data is as follows: if someone wishes to gain access to something, in this case data, they would need to verify to a computer that they are permitted to view or manipulate the data by speaking. If they are not registered to gain access to the data then the computer would deny them the ability to view or interact with it, thereby maintaining its integrity.If the speaker is registered with the voice recognition, then it would grant the speaker access. This allows data to be viewed by authorized personnel only. Voice recognition is considered to be more secure than passwords because of the fact that, instead of depending on a secret string of characters to gain entry to the data, it identifies them by their voice hence removing the possibility of guessing. * Retinal Scan Definition: -This is the biometrical identification of individuals by scanning the retina of the eye.How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? A retinal scan operates similarly to voice recognition, this is because they are both biometric systems. The way this assists in securing data is as follows: The retina of the eye, which is unique to everyone, is scanned. The computer can identify people by the use of camera technology which can differentiate individuals from one another because of the subtle differences in their retina. If the person is recognized as authorized personnel, then they are allowed to view the data.If however, they are not authorized to view the data, they will be denied access from doing so as well as from manipulating it, this allows for the safekeeping of data and the maintenance of its integrity. * Fingerprint Recognition Definition: -This is the automated method of verifying a match between two human fingerprints. How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity? This is another biometric system, and the most popular one at that. Fingerprint recognition is widely used for the protection of data because of its accuracy and dependability in identification.Just as there are no two people who share the exact same voice or retina, there are no two people who share the exact same fingerprints. Because of this, fingerprint recognition can be used to allow someone access to data once the person accessing the data places his finger onto the scanning device. If his fingerprints match those that are registered then he/she is allowed access to the data, otherwise access will be denied. * Fireproof Cabinets Definition: -A fire resistant cupboard/box wh ich can house computer hardware that contains data. How does it assist in securing data and maintaining its integrity?Data is located inside software, however software cannot function without hardware. Therefore, in order to protect the software which houses data, we must also protect the hardware which houses the software. Fireproof cabinets are an excellent way of doing so. They assist in securing the hardware by allowing it a special area so that it is not lost or misplaced. Also, if there is a fire which could potentially be disastrous, the fire resistant cabinets will protect the hardware from being destroyed while also indirectly protecting the data. Summary Bibliography

Life Span Development and Personality

This paper will discuss the life span of a business man, movie producer, aviator, and billionaire, Howard Hughes. It will also explain the psychological development and personality characteristics of the young man that was raised by a financially driven father, and mentally disturbed mother. Mother and Father Howard Hughes was born in 1905 in Houston, Texas to Howard Hughes Sr. and Allene Hughes. Allene Hughes was the biggest influence on Howard junior’s life; she constantly worried about the germs and sickness that her son came in contact with. Allene Hughes suffered from the mental disorder Obsessive Compulsion Disorder (OCD). Howard Hughes Sr. spent most of his time following oil rigs and trying to improve the process of drilling into rock. In 1908/1909 Hughes Sr. invented a drill bit that would penetrate rock, which later made him a millionaire. Hughes Sr. was the owner of Hughes Tool Company. Howard Hughes Junior attended private schools in Boston, where his interest in academics were lacking, and just as his father was mesmerized by anything mechanical. Against his mothers’ wishes, Howard Junior built a bicycle with a motor, later called the motorcycle. Orphaned In 1922, Allene Hughes went into the hospital for minor surgery, but never woke up. Allene Hughes died at 39 years of age, and Howard Junior lost his mother when he was only 16. The death of wife and mother caused a tremendous amount of grief for Howard Sr. , and Jr. Life changed for them, but especially Howard Junior. His father was unable to recover from the death of his wife, and spent the next couple of years subjected Howard Junior to many women, looking for that same happiness again. In January 1924, Howard Senior was working at his desk when he suffered a heart attack and died at age 54. At age 18, Howard Junior was an orphan, and the owner of 75% of his father’s company, making him a very rich young man. Since Howard was not considered to be an adult an unable to make business decisions, he went to court and convinced the judge that he should be declared an adult so that he could run his own affairs. Soon after the judge granted his request, Howard bought all the shares to the company from his relatives, which made him the sole owner of Howard Tool Company, which made a very nice amount of money that he used as a foundation for his future fortune. In 1925 a will was made that stated upon his death, all of his money was to be put into a medical research facility. Movies to Aviation Howard was not satisfied with just running the business that his father had left him, so after his marriage to Ella Rice in 1925, they moved to Hollywood California where he would try his hand at making movies with his uncle Rupert. In the beginning of his movie career, there were two or so flops, but soon he directed the film â€Å"Two Arabian Nights† which won the Academy Award. He went on to do â€Å"The Outlaw, Scarface, and Hells Angels†. During the making of the Hells Angels movie, Hughes became fascinated with flying, and received his pilot’s license. Not only did he fly, in 1932 he founded the Hughes Aircraft Company. Later, the military would hire him to build a large plane that would carry troops overseas; this plane was called the â€Å"Spruce Goose†. In 1938 he financed the creation of the Boeing 307, and was the beginning of the Transcontinental and West Airlines, later called TWA. This was his most profitable investment, earning him $540 million. He sold the airline in 1966. He used the earnings from the airlines to form the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He used this medical facility to put all of his money into, to prevent the IRS from finding it. The End As far back as birth, Hughes was continually inventing or perfecting an invention. After many failed attempts, caused by his obsessive need to be perfect, Hughes suffered a mental breakdown. The obsessive compulsive disorder worsened, and the stress of inheriting his father’s company at an early age caused anxiety and paranoia became evident when he required phone taps, and private investigators. Like his mother he became obsessed with germs with continuous hand washing, and using napkins or Kleenex to touch objects and open doors. In 1950 Hughes was rarely seen in public. He left the United States and moved from country to country, and in 1972 Hughes Tool Company, his father’s company, was sold. His obsession to control his surroundings led him to be a bitter old recluse. He became weakened by the lack of food, and the effects of drug use. On a plane in 1976, flying from Mexico to Houston for treatment, Hughes dies at age 71. Because of his choices later in life, his body was unrecognizable and could only be identified through fingerprints. Conclusion Despite his mental disorders, Howard Hughes accomplished many great things. Best known for his production of movies, and aviation, his mental illness proved to be his undoing. Most diagnostics were done after his death; therefore there is no way of knowing if medical treatment would have helped him. Although he may have inherited OCD from his mother, it is also believed that his contraction of syphilis in 1930 also played a part in his mental stability. In 1976, Dr. Raymond Fowler, the President of the American Psychology Association, was asked to do a psychological evaluation from what he knew and read of Howard Hughes. After the long study Fowler concluded that â€Å"Hughes was not psychotic, he was just a disturbed man†. Life Span Development and Personality IntroductionThe Healer of the World – Karol Wojtyla, gave a breakthrough of acceptance in the world’s aim for peace, prosperity and unity.   His belief on religion was considered to be flexible as to believing that all people are created equal in blood, color, race or belief (Weigel, 2001).   The differences of such religions must not serve as a wall to hinder one from crossing the line of faith but rather, to give respect to the God being served and hailed.   â€Å"We all believe in one God† (Weigel, 2001), remarked the Saint.   His enthusiasm and love for humanity built a bridge which not all Popes were able to fulfill.   Criticized by some followers of Christianity, his motivation on reaching his prayers even to the extent of other religions gave a positive impact on those individuals who have long felt that Christianity, being the most dominant religion in the world, must reign over.Challenges faced by the PopeHis influence to the masses made him a negotiator in uniting the archipelagos of different countries; he had an amazing view of life, like a philosopher who cared for other people more than himself.   Death threats and vicious plans for assassination haunted his living daylights, but he remained calm, his deep sagacity of forgiveness lurked in every pore of his system, believing that people who have gone astray, must not be punished but be guided (Weigel, 2001).Environment’s role in molding his beliefThe factual argument to support such questions on why his perceptions, character and views were â€Å"godly† and unselfish can be traced with the kind of life he was raised, living in Poland, a â€Å"privacy-oriented† country armed with a raging belief on war, his quest in search for unity indulged him to do good, instead of enrolling in a realm where blood is shed (Weigel, 2001), believed that God was calling him for priesthood, to serve with gospels and not with armors.The institutions where he enrol led also played a large factor in molding his character, as human behavior stresses â€Å"the environment by which one is raised and the people surrounding the individual will most likely be the reasons of what you are today† (Freud & Strachey, 1962).   His family, friends and experiences in life are the main reasons why he possessed the highest level of concern for others.Psychological Theory in his behaviorAccording to developmental psychology, the sense of faith of a person is an acquired form of skill or ability, not an innate one.   It is an inherited acquired phenomenon; given the fact that a new-born baby at the time of birth is non-moral, non-thinking and non-aesthetic, all tantamount to innocence (Dimitrius & Mazzarella, 1991).Therefore, such character is gradually acquired through experience.   It can be then taken to assumption that a family, inclined with scriptures and rituals or of religion, will most likely raise religious offspring.However, a deliberativ e argument of such belief would disprove its validity given the fact that change is most likely to happen, since that the kind of environment which will later be experienced and dwelled upon to by the individual will make abrupt changes in his belief, adaptation would be suitable term (Freud & Strachey, 1962).   Not unless the atmosphere also tames such religiousness.ConclusionInstinct Theory and Learning Theory are evident in the life of the Pope, his belief, that he was being called portrays the first kind and his sense of mimicking priests illustrate his form of motivation in venturing to priesthood (Freud & Strachey, 1962). Such theories are the hugest well supported evidences why the Pope, possess the exceptional characteristic of a human being.   Concluding the existence and the explanations in his life clearly shows that there lived a person, influenced with humanistic theories, but utilized what he has acquired in the â€Å"godliest† way possible.References:Dimitr ius, J.-E., & Mazzarella, M. C. (1991). Reading People: How to Understand People and Predict Their Behavior- -Anytime, Anyplace (1 ed.). New York: Ballantine Books.Freud, S., & Strachey, J. (1962). The Ego and the Id. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Weigel, G. (2001). Witness to Hope: The Biography of Pope John Paul II (1st Cliff Street Books Paperback Ed ed.). New York: Harper Perennial.

Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet

to guns. To try and stay with the original characteristics of the play, the characters called their guns â€Å"Sword 9mm.† He also kept the language as Shakespeare had written it simply because that was something that he felt he could not change. Luhrmann may have updated the setting of the play, but he actually used a lot more of the written dialogue... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, was a love story that ended in tragedy. Many characters in the story acted before thinking, in doing this, they all led up to the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. Three of the main characters that acted before learning all the information were Romeo, Juliet, and Capulet. Romeo and Juliet were secret lovers from two feuding families; Romeo a Montague, Juliet a Capulet. They fell in love at first sight and were married within days. Their love had to be kept a secret and the only people that knew about them being married were the nurse and Friar Laurence. Friar only marries them because he thinks it will help the families get along better, and possible end their feud. It didn’t help at all, it just caused Tybalt to get in a fight with Romeo, which caused Mercutio to stand up for Romeo, that led to Tybalt killing Mercutio, and it all ended when Romeo killed Tybalt while in a rage. Romeo, Juliet, and Capulet all acted out of ignorance, r esulting in the tragic death of Romeo and Juliet. Romeo was a character that acted before knowing all the information, and it cost him his life. After Romeo killed Tybalt, Prince banished him from the streets of Verona. From there he moved to Mantua and awaited news from the Friar. When he did not hear anything from Friar he decided to go back into Verona and see his Juliet. On his way there he stops to see an apothecary to get a poison that would kill him. â€Å"Hast thou no letters to me from the friar? / No matter. Get thee gone/ And hire those horses. I’ll be with thee straight. / Well, Juliet, I will lie with thee tonight.† (5,1,31-32 and 34). If he would have thought about what he was doing, or even gone to the Friar to see what happened, he wouldn’t have gone to the apothecary to get the poison. When he arrived he saw Juliet lying â€Å"dead.† He loved her so much that if she were dead he would want to be dead also, so he took the poison and k... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare's plays about tragedy. It is about two lovers who commit suicide when their feuding famillies prevent them from being together. The play has many characters, each with its own role in keeping the plot line. Some characters have very little to do with the plot but some have the plot revolving around them. Friar Lawrence does not have very much time on stage but the time he does have is crucial to the plot line. Through his words Friar Lawrence demonstrates the he is a good intentioned, yet sometimes short-sighted, man who is not afraid to take risks to help others One of Friar Lawrences most favourable traits is how good intentioned he is. He may do something out of the ordinary if he thinks the outcome will help someone he cares for. For example, when he says "In one respect I'll thy assistant be; for this alliance may so happy prove, to turn your households rancour to pure love."(Act 2, Scene 3), he is saying that the only reason he will marry Romeo and Juliet is because he hopes that the marriage will end the hostilities between the two houses. When he says "Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift, and hither shall he come; and he and I shall watch thy waking, and that very night shall Romeo bear thee to Mantua." (Act 4, Scene 1), he tells Juliet how everything will be all right. Unfortunately, for all his good intentions the play still ends in tragedy. Friar Lawrence is a man who is not afraid to take risks when he feels it is neccesary to help someone. For example in Act 2, Scene 6, when he marries Romeo and Juliet, he is risking his reputation as a Friar so he can help the two lovers. Also, when he says "Take thou this vial, being then in bed, and this distilled liquor drink though off;" (Act 4, Scene 1), he is suggesting that Juliet drink a potion so that she might feighn her own death and avoid marrying Paris. This is an extr... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet, is a story of two young lovers, whose love was destined for destruction. They did not imagine that their love would lead to the tragedies that it did. These two young people did nothing wrong except fall in love. Three aspects of their destruction included the feud between the two families, the nurse and her betrayal of Juliet and the most important aspect of all is fate. The feud between the two families was one factor that contributed to the love of Romeo and Juliet being destined for destruction. "From ancient grudge break to new mutiny". (Romeo & Juliet, Prologue, pg.2 l.3) The two families, Montagues and Capulets, had many problems. There was hate between the two families so much so that even the servants hated each other. This feud would have caused many problems for Romeo and Juliet: These two young lovers knew this and this is why they kept their marriage a secret. If their parents discovered their secret, they would have made their children's lives miserable. Romeo and Juliet would not have been able to see each other. Both of these families were very stubborn and there was hardly any thing that would have made them become friends. In the prologue we learn that the only way the "strife" could be ended was by the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. "Doth with their death bury their parent's strife". (Romeo & Juliet, Prologue, l.8) Neither the Montagues or the Capulets would have accepted the marriage. Keeping the marriage a secret caused Romeo and Juliet to turn to other people for help. Sometimes these people gave them the wrong advice or just betrayed them.... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Notice whenever Juliet seeks for help, the people close to her tend to always let her down? Why is that? Aren’t your friends or family members suppose to be the ones who are always there for you, and never let you down? Well not in Juliet’s case. You see, Shakespeare, the author of Romeo & Juliet wrote the story in a way that Juliet a main character in the story, whenever seeks for guidance from her friends and family members, especially when she needs it most, is always betrayed or let down. In the following paragraphs, I will explain how, Lady Capulet, Friar Lawrence and Romeo betrayed her, and how this caused Juliet to make the wrong decisions in her life. First of all, Lady Capulet is Juliet’s mother. A mother is suppose to be close to her daughter, and is the person who knows and understands Juliet the most. But in this case her mother is the first person to let her down. For example, when Lord Capulet made the decision in act three scene 5 that Juliet should marry Paris, her mother stood up for that decision even though she knew that Juliet didn't want to marry Paris. I think her mother should of been on Juliet’s side, because she's her mother and she has experience in marriage and should know marrying someone you do not like is not a good idea. Also, another betrayal by Lady Capulet is that she teaches Juliet to judge men by their money, their social rank and their appearance. For example, she recommended Paris to Juliet because he is rich, good looking and on the Capulet’s side. This is not good. Because Juliet really does love Romeo, and when her mother says things like that, it really makes Juliet ups et, because Ro! meo is not rich, and their family hates her family and vice versa. These points show how shallow Lady Capulet’s character is. This prevents Juliet to ask advise from her mother, and cannot get guidance from her. Secondly, Friar Lawrence is the second person who betrays and lets-... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare's plays about tragedy. It is about two lovers who commit suicide when their feuding famillies prevent them from being together. The play has many characters, each with its own role in keeping the plot line. Some characters have very little to do with the plot but some have the plot revolving around them. Friar Lawrence does not have very much time on stage but the time he does have is crucial to the plot line. Through his words Friar Lawrence demonstrates the he is a good intentioned, yet sometimes short-sighted, man who is not afraid to take risks to help others One of Friar Lawrences most favourable traits is how good intentioned he is. He may do something out of the ordinary if he thinks the outcome will help someone he cares for. For example, when he says "In one respect I'll thy assistant be; for this alliance may so happy prove, to turn your households rancour to pure love."(Act 2, Scene 3), he is saying that the only reason he will marry Romeo and Juliet is because he hopes that the marriage will end the hostilities between the two houses. When he says "Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift, and hither shall he come; and he and I shall watch thy waking, and that very night shall Romeo bear thee to Mantua." (Act 4, Scene 1), he tells Juliet how everything will be all right. Unfortunately, for all his good intentions the play still ends in tragedy. Friar Lawrence is a man who is not afraid to take risks when he feels it is neccesary to help someone. For example in Act 2, Scene 6, when he marries Romeo and Juliet, he is risking his reputation as a Friar so he can help the two lovers. Also, when he says "Take thou this vial, being then in bed, and this distilled liquor drink though off;" (Act 4, Scene 1), he is suggesting that Juliet drink a potion so that she might feighn her own death and avoid marrying Paris. This is an extremely risky thing to do because anything might happen to Juliet ... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet ROMEO + JULIET ‘Fate’ or ‘Destiny’, you could say, appear strongly throughout the play. Yet character influences feature just as much. The idea of fate is a power that is believed to control events, nothing can stand in its way, whatever it is, and it’s bound to happen under any circumstances. Romeo and Juliet would have died whatever happened – Inevitable. Not forgetting the fact that certain characters play significant parts in the consequences of events. The Elizabethan times people strongly believed in the idea of fate/fortune, they believed that there is not a lot you can do about it, if fate is involved there is nothing you can do about it. While also believing that you have good and bad luck, and there is nothing you can do to alter proceedings, good or bad you just had to accept what happens to you. We get a strong feeling of fate straight off from the prologue, already with the knowledge that it is talking about Romeo and Juliet, we get the idea that there will be deaths around them and, obviously to them, in various circumstances. As shown here: â€Å"The fearful passage of their death-marked love† It also suggests the way of death, and that their fate is decided. â€Å"Which, but their children’s end, nought could remove† This, along with the first line: are the first mentions of the two families This sense of fate also seems to show that key events that occur in the play are planned regardless of what the characters say or do. â€Å"Doth with their death bury their parents strife† Exploring that Romeo and Juliet’s deaths end the conflict between the two households. â€Å"And the continuance of their parent’s rage† Up until their deaths the conflict between the two family’s remained, unaware of happenings around them. At the beginning of the play Romeo and Juliet... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet 1968:1996 Romeo and Juliet is a timeless, classic love story written by William Shakespeare in 1594. This play tells the love story of â€Å"two star- crossed lovers† in Italy at the end of the sixteenth century. The title characters are Romeo and Juliet who happen to be the only children of two feuding families. Romeo is a Montague and Juliet is a Capulet. There have been different ways of portraying Romeo and Juliet, but the two most popular film versions portray two very different styles. Franco Zeferelli’s Romeo and Juliet was made in 1968, and is the film version most commonly shown in classrooms. The newest film version of this play is Baz Luhrmann’s Romeo and Juliet. He sets the classic story in a modern day setting. Both of these films are very similar, but also differ in many aspects. I will look at how both of these movies tell the same story, but how one director was able to change it to fit modern times. Zeferelli’s film is the older and more classical version of Romeo and Juliet. He uses the setting of Verona, and the costumes that were appropriate to that time. He does take liberties with the dialogue, in that he shortens many of the monologues made by the characters. He also portrayed the use of swords, which were the weapons used at that time. In complete contrast to this Luhrmann made the decision to set this classic play in modern day Venice Beach. The costumes, setting, and swords were all updated to fit the styles of the 1990’s. He has the characters wearing modern day jeans and bright colored shirts and changes the swords to guns. To try and stay with the original characteristics of the play, the characters called their guns â€Å"Sword 9mm.† He also kept the language as Shakespeare had written it simply because that was something that he felt he could not change. Luhrmann may have updated the setting of the play, but he actually used a lot mo re of the written dialogue... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet: A comparison between the new and the old! By: Aaron Dickman The 1996 Luhrmann version of Romeo and Juliet is unusual because it takes place in modern times. This creates an interesting setting for a play written in the 15th century. Luhrmann manages to create a movie that is remarkably faithful to the play's vision and sense of tragedy without drastically changing the play. The characters of Romeo and Juliet are a colorful group. Their changes in the movie are subtle, but noticeable. The Nurse in the play is a blabbermouth, makes dirty jokes, and is more of a mother to Juliet than Lady Capulet. In the movie, she is more to the point, doesn't talk as much, and isn't as close to Juliet. She is really more of a servant than a close friend. Lady Capulet in the play is a young wife with a nasty temper that shows when she demands Romeo's death. She also has a cold demeanor and virtually shuns Juliet until her death. In the movie, she's a horrible flirt with Paris and has a more than platonic relationship with Tybalt. She is warm compared to the play's Lady Capulet and seems to be more of a victim of domestic violence than in the play. This is apparent when Lord Capulet enters Juliet's room to ask her wife about Juliet's reaction to her arranged marriage. She closes her eyes like she fears his presence. The main characters hardly change though. Mercutio! is still the satirist, dueling with words. The biggest change is that Mercutio is on acid in 1.4-1.5. This explains his craziness during his Queen Mab speech and in 1.5, where he is dancing unusually. Juliet also remains the same. She still matures from "a stranger to the world." (1.2) to an independent, mature woman who defies her parent's wishes to marry Paris. The characters are still, for the most part, faithful to the play. Themes have a strong role in Romeo and Juliet. Most notable are the themes of love and fate. The play develops the theme of love through c...

Autonomy in Death Essay Example for Free

Autonomy in Death Essay Physician-assisted suicide is a controversial topic with only a few states having legalized it; however, many groups are advocating for its approval. Physician-assisted suicide has ethical limitations that only allow a doctor to prescribe, not administer, a lethal dose of medication for a patient who has been deemed terminally ill with less than six months to live by two physicians. The prescription allows the patient to choose both the timing and setting of death and the physician’s only role is provision of medication. This gifts patients with autonomy in their death and relieves the doctor of any moral burden in participation with death keeping this action an ethical practice. Oregon was the first of few states to have legalized physician-assisted suicide but I would like to argue its potential advantages to the entire United States. Ball (2010) said, â€Å"In Oregon — the one state in the U.S. where assisted suicide is legal – doctors are allowed to help only state residents who are expected to die within six months† (p.1). Giving terminally ill patients the power to choose a peaceful death demonstrates empathy toward the ill patients and their families. Terminally ill patients without this empowerment face the difficult choice of using limited resources to end their lives if not given the legal freedom to choose how and when they die. The Code of Ethics for Nurses provision 1.4 is the right to self-determination and it states that Respect for human dignity requires the recognition of specific patient rights, particularly, the right to self-determination. Self-determination, also known as autonomy, is the philosophical basis for informed consent in health care. Patients have the moral and legal right to determine what will be done with their own person; to be given accurate, complete, and understandable information in a manner that facilitates an informed judgment; to be assisted with weighing the benefits, burdens, and available options in their treatment; to accept, refuse, or terminate treatment without deceit, undue influence, duress, coercion, or penalty; and to be given necessary support throughout the decision-making and treat ment process. Such support would include the opportunity to make decisions with family and significant others and the provision of advice and support from knowledgeable nurses and other health professionals. Patient should be involved in planning their own health care to the extent they are able to choose to participate (American nurses association, 2001, p.148). Giving this added right to chose physician assisted suicide allows patients the autonomy described in the Nursing Code of Ethics. The purpose of this paper is to argue that physician-assisted suicide is ethical and beneficial because it allows for patient autonomy. â€Å"I would argue that by denying terminally ill people recourse to death with dignity via physician prescribed medication, they are inflicting their own brand of coercion and abuse. The concept of a â€Å"merciful death† needs to be part of this discussion. It is a sad commentary that our society responds to our pets’ terminal suffering more humanely than to our fellow human beings’ end-of-life struggles†(â€Å"Death is best approached†, 2012, p. 1). Many feel that denying patients the right to choose is not advocating for their b est interest and is a form of abuse. We wouldn’t leave our ill family pet alive to suffer so why wouldn’t we consider letting our loved ones put themselves out of their misery in a peaceful way? The entire point is to give the public a choice. It would still be up to each individual to decide whether or not to exercise that right if their physician deemed their situation appropriate. The Code of Ethics for Nurses says that â€Å"Respect for human dignity requires the recognition of specific patient rights, particularly, the right of self-determination† (American nurses association, 2001, p.148). This statement implies that the patient should have the right to make end of life decisions on their own. When terminal patients are in pain and suffering, they may not have the strength or will to fight any longer. It is cruel to prolong a patient’s pain and suffering and deny their autonomy to make the decision of having a peaceful death. Also, it can be argued that when patients have their mind set on ending their lives, they tend to follow through on their own even if their physician cannot assist them. This may lead to a more traumatic death and a scene that can be quite traumatizing for the family member or friend who finds their loved one’s remains. The alternative is a prescribed medicine that the patient may take home, choosing the preferred place to die, to allow the patient to die peacefully without sustaining disfiguring injuries thus allowing them a more dignified burial if the family chooses to view the body one last time. However, in most of the United States, physician-assisted suicide is still illegal so very few Americans are afforded the right to choose to end their life when they are terminally ill. Because physician assisted suicide was brought to the public’s attention as an option by the unconventional tactics of Dr. Jack Kevorkian, the idea of legalizing this was tainted from the beginning, making many states hesitant to allow assisted suicide. Miller (2011) notes that â€Å"Jack Kevorkian rose to national prominence as â€Å"Dr. Death,† a physician who insisted that sometimes a doctor’s first duty to his patient was to help him die. The retired pathologist, who became an assisted suicide advocate claiming to have had a hand in 130 deaths in the 1990s, helped spark a national debate over euthanasia† (p. A5). Jack Kevorkian’s tactics were questionable because he publicized the deaths of elderly, disabled, and terminally-ill patients using inhaled carbon dioxi de or using his self-made suicide machine. Although the patients had asked for Dr. Kevorkian’s assistance to end their suffering by assisting in their suicide, he received a lot of negative attention because he publicized his assistance in this process by encouraging CBS to broadcast a video of himself injecting a cocktail of lethal drugs into a patient suffering from Lou Gehrig’s disease (Miller, 2011). After much backlash from the public over the fact that he actually injected patients with lethal drugs, he developed a suicide machine which allowed the patient to press a button that caused the machine to administer a mixture of sodium pentothal and potassium chloride which was first used on Janet Adkins, a 54 year old sufferer of Alzheimer’s disease (Miller, 2011). â€Å"The last thing Janet Adkins said was, ‘You just make my case known,'† Dr. Kevorkian told the Associated Press† (Miller, 2011, p. A5). Although his tactics were extreme and caused a lot of public controversy, his patie nts wanted to end their suffering and his actions caused others to advocate for ethical standards to be put into place for legal physician assisted suicide while at the same time completely turning others away from the concept of legalizing euthanasia. Dr. Goodwin, a general practitioner, said he began advocating for the right to help terminally ill people die after listening to his patients (Miller, 2012). â€Å"They want autonomy at this time, to be allowed to die at home with the comfort and support of their families,† Dr. Goodwin said in a 2001 interview (Miller, 2012, p. 1). Because of the extreme tactics used by Jack Kevorkian, who initiated the debate on legalizing euthanasia, many people view those who advocate for the client’s right of physician assisted suicide as cruel or lacking in empathy for patient and families. However, â€Å"Peter Goodwin, a family physician who wrote and campaigned for Oregon’s right-to-die law in the 1990s, died after taking a cocktail of lethal drugs prescribed by his doctor, as allowed under the legislation he championed. Dr. Goodwin, 83 years old, had been diagnosed with a degenerative brain disorder similar to Parkinson’s disease and had been given less than six m onths to live.†(Miller, 2012, p. 1). Dr. Goodwin believed in a patient’s autonomy in death so much that he chose to exercise his own rights in the same fashion in order to end his own suffering. In an interview with the Oregonian, the local newspaper in Oregon, Dr. Goodwin said that his health was deteriorating and he would soon end his life. â€Å"His family gathered to bid him farewell. ‘The situation needs thought, it doesn’t need hope,’ he said. ‘Hope is too ephemeral at that time’†(Miller, 2012, p. 1). This clearly articulates the feelings of a terminally ill man towards the importance of autonomy in concern of his own death. â€Å"End-of-life decisions are not arbitrary or impulsive. Why shouldn’t a person choose to end his or her life with dignity if it is obvious that all options for leading any kind of meaningful life are non-existent? I would think any modicum of compassion would respect such a momentous, personal decision. Suffering, physical and mental, and the anguish it causes should produce empathy for the patient’s wishes and desires, even if they run counter to our own sense of rectitude. It is not about us. It’s about the patient’s right of autonomy. We need to understand that it is ultimately his or her decision to make, not ours†(Death is best approached, 2012, p. 1). In this statement, an unknown author expressed the utmost sympathy for those suffering from terminal illness. Physician assisted suicide is ethical as it demonstrates compassion and empathy towards someone else’s pain, suffering, and rights. There is nothing cruel about autonomy over the decision to die. These kinds of laws need to be considered using a deep emotional understanding of the terminally ill’s feelings and problems. Other countries have legalized euthanasia and have less restrictive laws which allow them to provide services for foreigners. Because of this, if all United States citizens aren’t granted the autonomy they desire in their own country they will still be able to get the results they so desperately want but the outcome may be more painful to family members whose loved ones would end up dying in other countries and in less desirable conditions. Mr. Minelli, who is head of Dignitas, a Swiss company that provides euthanasia services only to foreigners, said that â€Å"a memory of his seriously ill grandmother’s pleading in vain with her doctor to help her die left him with a particular interest in Switzerland’s growing right-to-die movement, and he joined one of the main groups. In 1998, he quit to found Dignitas†(Ball, 2010, p. 2). In 2008, his neighbors’ complaints forced Dignitas out of his rented apartment that he had been using to conduct the assisted suicides and Zurich city officials refused permission for a new venue. In response to this Mr. Minelli organized suicides in cars, a hotel room, industrial sites, and his own home which drew the attention of local officials. â€Å"Someone who is used to a five-star hotel can’t come to Dignitas and expect the same,† says Mr. Minelli†(Ball, 2010, p. 2). Is it really beneficial to force terminally ill patients into a foreign country to a harsh environment to grant them the freedom to end their own lives? If terminally ill patients really want a physician assisted suicide, they will find another setting in which they can achieve one but allowing patients to have one in their own country optimizes the setting and allows for more family support near the time of death. It also saves the family the trouble of getting the body of a loved one from a foreign country after the time of death and allows the family to begin funeral arrangements sooner so that they can go through the stages of grieving that they need to in order to move forward with their own lives. This act of ending the life sooner also spares the family the pain of watching their loved one suffer longer than they want to. Another benefit to approving physician assisted suicide is that just know that the option is available can be therapeutic for terminal patients. â€Å"Mr. Minelli argues that making assisted suicide available removes a taboo around suicide, helping people who want to kill themselves open a dialogue and seek help. About 70% of people who get the green light from Dignitas for an assisted suicide never contact the group again, proving the palliative effect of knowing help is available, he says†(Ball, 2010, p. 2). This clearly proves that just knowing that euthanasia is an option is enough to help patients carry on with terminal illness. Even if a patient chooses never to exercise the right to a physician assisted suicide, the knowledge that they have an option for a way out of their suffering is comforting in itself. Craig Ewert was a retired university professor who suffered from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig’s disease. He decided to end his life because he wanted to make this decision before he lost the ability to decide his own fate, overcoming the resistance of his doctors (Ball, 2010). â€Å"When you’re completely paralyzed and can’t talk, how do you let someone know you are suffering?† he told a television interviewer before his death in September 2006. â€Å"This could be a complete and utter hell† (Ball, 2010, p. 3). Mr and Mrs. Ewerts were from the U.K. but they traveled to Switzerland and chose Mr. Minelli’s group, Dignitas, because it accepts foreigners. Mrs. Ewert said that had she not been able to travel to get her husband the assisted suicide services that he desired she may have been forced to help her husband die and she worried that she wouldn’t have known exactly what to do (Ball, 2010). She defended Mr. Minelli saying â€Å"Sure, there have to be some protections for people, but I think we’re going way beyond what there needs to be, I admire Minelli for being willing to take the heat† (Ball, 2010, p. 3). Because Craig Ewert was allowed to make his own decision to die, his wife was spared the pressure that he may have put on her to help him end his life. Furthermore, had he been denied the right to make his own decision and his wife Mary had been coerced to help him commit suicide, there would have been extreme emotional and possibly even legal consequences to her action despite the fact that it was her husband’s wish. This is a situation that may Americans are also threatened with because physician assisted suicide is illegal in most of the country. All United States citizens should be afforded the right to choose a physician assisted suicide if they have been deemed terminally ill because this freedom shows compassion and empathy towards the patient’s suffering. If patients aren’t allowed to legally choose death here, they may travel to another country to receive services or chose to carry out suicide on their own. If patients chose to take matters into their own hands this would be harder on the patient as the death would probably not be as peaceful as the lethal injection that the physician would prescribe and if would also be harder on the patient’s loved ones. If patients decide to go to another country to achieve the death they desire they would lose the privilege of dying in their own comfort zone and the distance would make the death harder on the family to make funeral arrangements and move on with their own lives. The Code of Ethics for Nurses stated that â€Å"Respect not just for the specific decision but also for the patient’s method of decision-making is consistent with the principle of autonomy† (American nurses association, 2001, p.149). Regardless of whether or not we understand an individuals motivation for seeking a physician assisted suicide, nurses should support the autonomy that patients needs to make this choice on their own. Giving terminally ill patients autonomy in their death, by making physician assisted legal for every United States citizen, is only giving patients additional rights that they may or may not chose to exercise and is the most compassionate way to show empathy for those who are dying. Autonomy in Death. (2017, Feb 13).

The Insulin Resistant Diet Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Insulin Resistant Diet - Assignment Example Researchers have contended that our bodies have become resistant to insulin, and an insulin resistant diet could have significant positive benefits. This paper will explain insulin resistance and the benefits that can be gained from an insulin resistant diet. At the foundation of the problem is that too many processed carbohydrates, fast foods, high fat content foods, and high fructose corn syrup are consumed in the average diet. Not all carbohydrates are bad, but the bad ones are found in "white bread, chips, snacks and other baked or fried foods that have been mechanically processed. These carbs are bad for you because during processing, much or all of the dietary fiber is removed from them, and your body cannot process these new complex carbs with efficiency" (Mason, 2005). In response to these bad carbohydrates, the body over-produces insulin and eventually develops a resistance to it. In addition, "intake of dietary fat, particularly saturated fat, appears to be associated with insulin resistance in animals and humans and may predispose to the development of diabetes" (Bessesen, 2001, p.2786S). Gone unchecked, these patients will gain weight and will eventually develop Type 2 Diabetes. To regain your insulin sensitivity, you need to put 'good' carbohydrates back into your diet and reduce the intake of